Evaluations, papers and exam handout at
end of class
Q4: How does Adorno's "manipulative character" relate
to the 1999 changes in citizenship laws?
Q5 on Thu (Fulbr. chap. 14): What factors explain the stability
of the post-1945 German states?
or: Name two "lessons" that Fulbrook draws from German
history since 1945.
Discussion for Q4
What changed in the citizenship laws?
What are the features of the "manipulative character"?
Periodization in history: Using causes, means, and ends to
identify turning points
Periods after Fulbrook (pp. 324-332)
Aug 26 human rights seminar (vs. Sept. 25 Leipzig demonstrations)
Oct 24 change in leadership to Egon Krenz (until Nov. 9 mass
euphoria, consumerism)
Dec. 31 Western goals intrude; nationalist and even neo-Nazi
goals, New Forum retreats
The 1990s
Compare to the post-Nazi responses
Victimization, Ignorance, Resistance
Fear, Guilt, Revenge
Previous decades
1950s: Night and Fog, Anne Frank
1960s: trials
1970s: Brandt; local history movement
1980s: Bitburg, Kohl's project
1990s: Berlin victim's memorial; Schindler's List; Goldhagen
Debate, Victor Klemperer Diaries; Crimes of the Wehrmacht exhibition