• Admin: proposals & Q3 back at 9:40
  Q4 on Wednesday: Nettlinger
• Recap: causality
• Allied goals in Germany after WW2 (Ds&Rs) [presented today, but in L8 outline]
• The 1953 Uprising

Berlin Blockade: Turnaround II

• June 1948-May 1949 (860 flights/day=36/hour!)
• Causes?
  • Economic, Int'l, Elites, Information, peOple; Culture
• Berlin (Fulbrook p. 158; website):
  • bastion of Nazism & Prussian militarism to
  • symbolic last outpost of freedom & (Western) democracy

Steps to the 1953 "Uprising"

• Apr. 1946: KPD and SPD "merge" -> SED
• 1948->: "Stalinization" of SED (no more discussion & dissent)
• July 1952 (2nd SED conf): "building of socialism"
• forced collectivization
• March 1953: Stalin dies
• expectation of relaxation

The 1953 "Uprising"

• Jockeying for power in Moscow:
  Beria ("New Course") ousted by Malenkow & Khruschev
  (Beria might have ousted Ulbricht)
• June: E. German "work norms" raised
  debate in major newspapers
• 17 June: people hit the streets in Berlin etc.
  Soviet tanks come out
• After 1953: Why did Ulbricht remain?

Causes of June 17, 1953?

• Economic factors
• International factors (diplomacy, intervention)
• Elites (behavior of groups w/ special access to power)
• Ideology/Information/Media: perception of the world
• "Opposition": people, human agents
• "background" of culture and institutions

Return essay proposals & Q3

• Q3 results:
  4s: 20
  3s: 10
  2s: 3
  no: 3
• Book essay comments:
  • If less than 10, you can resubmit this Friday for full credit
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  • office hours (Mon 10:30-11:30, Tue noon-1)
    or e-mail me title & questions/problems (use meaningful subject line)