UCSB Hist 133C, L
28:
Conclusions: Dictatorship and Democracy
by H. Marcuse, March 12, 2004
- Q10
- What have we learned?: Course summary
- Exam available 3/17, noon; due 3/18, 11am
- At end: pick up work: Krell & old stuff
papers: all web except Sean & Andrew
(others: still 11 not graded)
Q10
- Name two factors that contributed to the stability of the post-1945 German
states.
- Fulbrook (p. 358-366) says 4 factors
- commitment of elites: political, military, cultural/moral/educational
- relative material success
- containment of popular dissent
- postwar international system
Historical Legacies
- How do legacies of German history affect the country after 1945?
- Ursula Duba's poem The Master Race: Werner and the prisoners: "treated
like gods"
- What is "Germany"?
- 3 Reichs, 4 republics (territory varies: gross/klein)
- Holy Roman Empire, Kaiserreich (1871), Third Reich
- 1848, Weimar, Federal (West), Democratic (East)
Political Parties
Ds, Rs: Events 1945->
- What were Allied and German goals?
- Potsdam Conference (who, when, where?)
- Apply causes model…
- Ds:
- Demilitarization
- Denazification
- Decartellization/decentralization
- Democratization
- Rs: Reeducation, Reparations, Resettlement
Turnaround: 40s vs. 50s
- Turn-arounds: Byrnes '46 & Berlin Blockade '48
- Marshall Plan (Who? For Whom? Why? What? When?)
- 1950s:
- West: Renazification (§131), Remilitarization (Adenauer, Böll)
- East: Stalinization--no turn in 1953
- EIEIO of division and uprising
The 1960s: "Separate Lives"
- The Berlin Wall
- new phase: "development of a socialist society"
- Prague Spring--a missed opportunity?
- Détente, Ostpolitik
Dealing with the Nazi Past
- 4 terms: mastery of, dealing with, working through, coming to terms with
- The "Three Founding Myths"
- Victimization, Ignorance, Resistance
- define for immediate postwar
- define for 1950s, 1960s -- examples?
- Anamnesis: Overcoming the 3 Myths
- Schlink: what was the novel about?
- Events? Consequences?
Germany: Conformist or Dissenting?
- Examples of conformism (West and East)
- Examples of dissent
- 1953, 1955, 1958-1980s
- 1963, 1967, 1970s
- Peter Schneider's The Wall Jumper :
What makes people tick?
What are their goals, their motivations?
What brought "the wall" down? [I did not have time for the rest (below)
in lecture]
- tradition of dissidents: Rosa Luxemburg quote; (Havemann; [Brandt])
- Gorbachev (Int'l)
- Economic conditions
- peOple responding to econ & int'l
- SED central committee (Elites, lEaders); Honecker, Krenz
- media/Info (Leipzig, Nov. 9); Ideas (reform vs. unification)
Building Democracy after Dictatorship
- Long-range master plan vs. step by step
- Democratization through:
- denazification & reeducation (by whom?)
- "economic miracle" (by whom?)
- education ("propaganda"), collectivization
- experience (overcoming the 3 myths)
- democracy as informed participation (example of 1989 revolution)
Course Goals
- CONTENT:
How are events connected over time?
What is a cause? What is a consequence?
- SKILL:
How to argue a thesis using evidence
- INSIGHTS
- "reality" as a matter of perception
- "facts" (evidence) are a matter of perception
(within limits)
- information is only as reliable as its source
page by H. Marcuse, prepared for web March 13, 2004
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