FIRST MIDTERM EXAM

The exam is worth 10% of your final grade (100 points as noted below).
It is a take-home exam administered on an honors system. You are required to observe the following regulations:

1. You have one hour for writing the first draft of the exam. The exam must be typed. If you do not compose your answers on a word processor, you may type them in after that hour. However, after that first hour you may only make changes in organization, grammar, style and spelling/punctuation, not content.
2. The exam is "open book" (textbook, readings, lecture notes), and you may use the resources available through the course web site(s). Note that all research time must be included in the one hour total you have for writing the exam. Note also that you may not consult with other students about the answers to the questions.

• The exam is due on Thursday, April 27, at 9:30am. Each TA will have three piles (one for each section) on the table in the front of the lecture hall. Be sure to take and print out the exam by Wednesday evening, so that you do not run into unexpected problems on Thursday. Don't forget to sign the honor pledge in point IV, below.

I. Identify and define the significance (10 minutes. total, 2 @ 10 points each)

Select two of the following terms, identify it (including an approximate date), and situate it correctly in relation to other important events. Then take special care to EXPLAIN WHY THE TERM IS SIGNIFICANT in the context of the history of modern Western Civilization.

Gustavus Vassa (the name)	Congress of Vienna
Factory System	Candide or Optimism (the book)

II. Source Interpretation. (10 mins., 20 points)

In 1791 Olympe de Gouges modified the August 1789 declaration of rights by the French national assembly to read as follows:

"First article. Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility. …
6. Law is the expression of the general will. All female and male citizens must contribute either personally or through their representatives in the making of law. The law must be the same for all: male and female citizens, being equal in the eyes of the law, must be equally admitted to all honors, offices, and occupations according to their abilities and without distinction other than that of their virtues and talents."

Compare these two articles to the original version on textbook p. 735, then interpret the main points made in this quotation in the context of the intellectual, international, economic, and political context of the time it was written. (Consider: How did Equiano experience this, and what would he have thought of it?)

III. Essay question: Answer the following question. (40 minutes, 60 points)
Note: in grading these essays, we will be looking for the following:
a. a thesis statement
b. arguments supporting that thesis
c. use of specific cases or examples in the argument to support the thesis
d. whether counterarguments and counterevidence are addressed.

• In this course we have studied two "revolutionary" processes in greater detail: the French revolution, and industrialization. The origins of each one can be traced back to numerous causes (remember the mnemonic EIEIO). Thinking of the situation before each of these events began, argue which cause was the first most important, which was the second most important, and which was the third most important. Be sure to do this for both events.
  Begin your essay by defining what each "revolution" was-what changes took place during it. Note that for the French Revolution, this would be different depending upon what you take as its end point (e.g. 1795, 1819, 1848, 1851-see also the Bolivar quote at the bottom of textbook p. 742).

IV. Please print and sign the following statement: "I have observed the honor code stated on the exam."